Neonatology II Neonatology II Neonatology is the branch of medicine that focuses on the care, development, and diseases of newborn infants, particularly those who are ill or premature. 1 / 10 What is the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism worldwide? Thyroid dysgenesis Iodine deficiency Dyshormonogenesis Maternal autoimmune thyroid disease 2 / 10 Which of the following is the gold standard diagnostic test for confirming a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in a newborn suspected based on positive newborn screening and clinical symptoms? Chest X-ray Sweat chloride test Genetic testing for CFTR mutations Pulmonary function test 3 / 10 Which of the following metabolic disorders in neonates is characterized by poor feeding, vomiting, lethargy, and a “maple syrup” odor to the urine? Phenylketonuria (PKU) Galactosemia Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) Congenital hypothyroidism 4 / 10 Which of the following is a major risk factor for the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants? High birth weight Maternal diabetes Prolonged oxygen therapy Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia 5 / 10 Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment for a newborn with a tension pneumothorax? Positive pressure ventilation Administration of surfactant Needle thoracostomy Intravenous antibiotics 6 / 10 Which of the following interventions is recommended for the prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal (GBS) disease in newborns? Administering antibiotics to the newborn immediately after birth Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy for the mother Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for GBS-positive mothers Vaccination of the newborn 7 / 10 What is the primary cause of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants? Birth trauma Hypoxic-ischemic injury Fragile germinal matrix vasculature Infection 8 / 10 In neonates, which condition is associated with a risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) following treatment for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)? Surfactant administration Mechanical ventilation Oxygen therapy Both B and C 9 / 10 Which congenital heart defect is characterized by the presence of four anatomical abnormalities, including ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and an overriding aorta? Tetralogy of Fallot Transposition of the great arteries Tricuspid atresia Hypoplastic left heart syndrome 10 / 10 Which of the following is the most accurate method for diagnosing neonatal hypoglycemia? Glucose meter (point-of-care testing) Serum glucose measurement (laboratory testing) Urine glucose test Capillary refill time Your score isThe average score is 0% 0% Restart quiz
