Cell Cycle and Cell Division

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Quiz Question count : 20 (each try)

Interphase Phases (G_1, S, G_2):

• • • Functions of each phase (metabolic activity, synthesis, growth).

    • Timing of DNA replication (S-phase) and centriole duplication.

    • Cells in the non-dividing state (G_0).

  • Mitosis:

    • Role in growth and repair (equational division).

    • Key events in Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

    • The significance of centromere splitting in Anaphase and the temporary doubling of chromosome number.

    • The Metaphase Check Point (spindle checkpoint).

  • Meiosis:

    • Role in sexual reproduction (reductional division).

    • Complexity of Prophase I (Synapsis, Pachytene/Crossing Over, Diplotene/Chiasmata, Diakinesis/Terminalization).

    • Differences in alignment in Metaphase I (bivalents) vs. Metaphase II (single chromosomes).

    • The event causing chromosome number reduction (Anaphase I: homologous chromosome separation).

    • Comparison of Meiosis II to Mitosis.

    • Interkinesis (no DNA replication).

  • Chromosome & DNA Dynamics:

    • Tracking the number of chromosomes (2N rightarrow 2N$) and DNA content (2C rightarrow 4C rightarrow 2C rightarrow C) through all phases of both Mitosis and Meiosis.

  • Regulatory Mechanisms:

    • The role of Cyclin-Cdk complexes and checkpoints.

    • The structure of the kinetochore.

  • Cytokinesis:

    • Differences between plant cells (cell plate, centrifugal) and animal cells (cleavage furrow).