Oncology – I Oncology – I These questions cover various advanced aspects of oncology, including molecular biology, genetics, targeted therapies, and cancer metabolism. 1 / 10 Which of the following is a major risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic liver disease? Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection Helicobacter pylori infection 2 / 10 Which mutation is commonly found in melanoma and is targeted by drugs such as vemurafenib and dabrafenib? EGFR mutation ALK rearrangement BRAF V600E mutation HER2 amplification 3 / 10 Which of the following is true regarding the Warburg effect in cancer cells? Cancer cells primarily rely on oxidative phosphorylation for energy production. It results from the overexpression of the BCL-2 gene. The Warburg effect describes the increased apoptosis seen in cancer cells. Cancer cells preferentially produce energy by glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen. 4 / 10 In the context of cancer immunotherapy, what is the function of checkpoint inhibitors like pembrolizumab and nivolumab? They directly target and kill cancer cells. They enhance the immune system’s ability to recognize and attack cancer cells. They inhibit angiogenesis to starve tumors of blood supply. They block specific growth factor receptors on cancer cells. 5 / 10 Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer)? Germline mutations in the APC gene Microsatellite instability Chromosomal translocations involving the MYC gene High levels of circulating alpha-fetoprotein 6 / 10 Which type of cancer is associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)? Cervical cancer Burkitt lymphoma Kaposi sarcoma Hepatocellular carcinoma 7 / 10 Which of the following markers is typically elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)? Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) CA-125 8 / 10 Which of the following pathways is commonly activated in many cancers due to mutations in the KRAS gene? Wnt/β-catenin pathway JAK/STAT pathway PI3K/AKT pathway MAPK/ERK pathway 9 / 10 Which targeted therapy is most commonly used to treat HER2-positive breast cancer? Bevacizumab Trastuzumab Imatinib Erlotinib 10 / 10 Which tumor suppressor gene is most commonly mutated in human cancers? BRCA1 PTEN RB1 TP53 Your score isThe average score is 0% 0% Restart quiz
