New AdditionsBy finitequest / March 13, 2024 Etiology I 1 / 10 Chronic inflammation leading to tissue damage and subsequent carcinogenesis exemplifies which type of etiological relationship? Direct causation Indirect causation Latent causation Independent causation 2 / 10 Which term describes the study of the chain of events leading to the development of a disease from its earliest cellular changes to its clinical manifestations? Pathogenesis Etiopathology Morbidity analysis Nosology 3 / 10 Which of the following diseases has a multifactorial etiology, involving both genetic predisposition and environmental triggers? Huntington’s disease Cystic fibrosis Type 2 diabetes mellitus Duchenne muscular dystrophy 4 / 10 Which of the following etiological factors can be modified to prevent the onset of certain diseases? Genetic factors Environmental factors Intrinsic factors Congenital factors 5 / 10 Which term refers to an underlying condition that makes an individual more susceptible to developing a disease? Predisposing factor Precipitating factor Prognostic factor Preventive factor 6 / 10 Which of the following is an example of a psychological etiological factor? Exposure to allergens Childhood trauma leading to psychiatric disorders Bacterial infection Air pollution 7 / 10 Chronic alcohol consumption leading to liver cirrhosis is an example of a __________ etiological factor. Genetic Environmental Behavioral Psychological 8 / 10 Which of the following etiological factors is associated with the development of autoimmune diseases? Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation Genetic susceptibility Bacterial infection Physical trauma 9 / 10 Which of the following is an example of a genetic etiological factor? Smoking Air pollution Family history of diabetes Traumatic injury 10 / 10 Infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites are examples of __________ etiological factors. Genetic Environmental Biological Psychological Your score isThe average score is 0% 0% Restart quiz Etiology II 1 / 10 A child develops a peanut allergy after being exposed to peanuts for the first time. What factor MOST LIKELY contributes to the development of this allergy? Deficiency in digestive enzymes Genetic predisposition to allergies Exposure to a specific allergen (peanut protein) Inappropriate gut microbiome composition 2 / 10 A young woman with a genetic predisposition to breast cancer develops the disease at a relatively young age. What is the MOST LIKELY role of genetics in this case? Sole cause of the disease Increases susceptibility but may not be the sole trigger No role, as environmental factors are the main cause Genetics determine the severity of the disease only 3 / 10 A group of people attending a large outdoor concert become ill with similar symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps within hours of eating at a food stall. What is the MOST LIKELY etiology of this outbreak? Foodborne viral infection (e.g., norovirus) Foodborne bacterial infection (e.g., E. coli) Chemical poisoning Food allergy 4 / 10 A woman with a family history of autoimmune diseases develops fatigue, joint pain, and a butterfly rash across her face. What is the MOST LIKELY underlying etiology? Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Rheumatoid arthritis Osteoarthritis Fibromyalgia 5 / 10 Which type of etiological factor is characterized by its role in initiating a disease process but not necessarily maintaining it? Initiation factor Priming factor Propagation factor Precipitating factor 6 / 10 Which term refers to the phenomenon where the presence of one condition predisposes an individual to another unrelated condition? Cascade effect Syndromic association Sequelae Comorbidity 7 / 10 Which of the following etiological factors is implicated in the development of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease? Chronic alcohol consumption Head trauma Bacterial infection Genetic mutations 8 / 10 Which etiological factor is commonly associated with the development of peptic ulcers? Genetic predisposition Chronic stress Helicobacter pylori infection High dietary fat intake 9 / 10 Which of the following statements about genetic etiology is true? Genetic diseases are always inherited from both parents. Genetic mutations are always the sole cause of genetic diseases. Genetic predisposition may interact with environmental factors to cause disease. Genetic diseases cannot be influenced by environmental factors. 10 / 10 Which of the following is an example of a developmental etiological factor contributing to congenital anomalies? Exposure to teratogens during pregnancy Infection during infancy Traumatic injury during childhood Genetic mutations in adulthood Your score isThe average score is 0% 0% Restart quiz
